'Watts' a dBW?...

In the UK the way your power is represented in the bandplans and in your licence is in dBW - Decibel Watts.  This actually means decibels of gain with respect to 1 watt of power.  Most hams will remember this from their RAE exam, but equally many will either have never been told or long since forgotten.  I thought maybe someone out there may benefit from a easy way of converting power values from Watts to dBW.

Power dBW
0.5W -3dBW
1W 0dBW
2W 3dBW
3W 4dBW
4W 6dBW
5W 7dBW
8W 9dBW
10W 10dBW
20W 13dBW
40W 16dbW
50W 17dBW
80W 19dbW
100W 20dbW
200W 23dbW
400W 26dbW

 

A couple of things to remember about Decibels, dB.  Decibels are a way of representing an increase in a figure from a given value.  0dB is zero increase, 3dB is a doubling in power.  6dB is doubled again, so 4-times original value. 9dB doubles again so 8-times original value etc etc.  Working the other way, -3dB halves your power.

The table on the left gives you a quick reference for most popular power levels which you can use to record your power levels in your logbook.

Where dBW comes in really useful is when working out your Effective Radiated Power (ERP).

Assuming your power output for your transmitter is 100W (20dBw from the table), your feeder losses are 6dB and your antenna has a gain  of 3dBd (3dB with respect to a dipole).  Your ERP is calculated as follows:

Input Power = 20dBW
Feeder Losses = - 6dB
Antenna Gain = + 3dBd
Total ERP = 17dBW

For example, UK Amateurs are permitted a maximum ERP on the bottom portion of the 70cms band of 16dBw ERP.  Assuming your feeder losses are 4dB (10m of RG58 at 430MHz) and your antenna has 6dBd gain (or 8.2dBi - to convert dBd to dBi just add 2.2) then the maximum power you can put into the feeder so as to give you 16dBW ERP is:

Permitted ERP = 16dBW
Feeder Losses = + 4dB
Antenna Gain = - 6dBd
Total into feeder 
to give 16dBw ERP
= 14dBW